Paper ID

82ba96443173da0b8b3e870c5ab8f41109a67203


Title

Adaptive Resolution Projection for Large-Scale Image Synthesis with StyleGAN-XL


Introduction

Problem Statement

Current StyleGAN models struggle with generating high-quality, diverse images at large scales like ImageNet, especially when dealing with multi-scale features and diverse object categories. This limitation hinders the application of GANs in scenarios requiring the generation of complex, varied images across different resolutions and object types.

Motivation

StyleGAN-XL has shown promising results on large-scale datasets but still faces challenges in maintaining consistency across different resolutions and object scales. By dynamically adapting the projection of latent codes based on the target resolution and object category, we can potentially improve the quality and diversity of generated images across various scales and classes. This approach is inspired by the human visual system's ability to process information at different scales and the need for AI systems to handle multi-scale features more effectively.


Proposed Method

We introduce Adaptive Resolution Projection (ARP), a novel approach that dynamically adjusts the projection of latent codes in StyleGAN-XL based on the target resolution and object category. ARP consists of three main components: (1) A resolution-aware projection module that learns to map latent codes to different feature resolutions using attention mechanisms. (2) A category-specific adaptation layer that fine-tunes the projected features based on the target object class. (3) A multi-scale consistency loss that ensures coherence between generated images at different resolutions. During training, we alternate between updating the generator and the ARP module, using a curriculum that gradually increases the complexity of generated images.


Experiments Plan

Step-by-Step Experiment Plan

Step 1: Dataset Preparation

Use the ImageNet dataset for training and evaluation. Preprocess the images to create multi-resolution versions (e.g., 64x64, 128x128, 256x256, 512x512) for each sample.

Step 2: Model Architecture

Modify the StyleGAN-XL architecture to incorporate the ARP module. Implement the resolution-aware projection module using a transformer-based attention mechanism. Design the category-specific adaptation layer as a set of learnable parameters for each ImageNet class.

Step 3: Loss Function Design

Implement the multi-scale consistency loss by comparing generated images at different resolutions. Use a combination of perceptual loss and adversarial loss to ensure both visual quality and diversity.

Step 4: Training Procedure

Implement a curriculum learning strategy that starts with lower resolutions and gradually increases to higher resolutions. Alternate between updating the generator and the ARP module in each training iteration.

Step 5: Evaluation Metrics

Use FID (Fréchet Inception Distance) and IS (Inception Score) to evaluate the quality and diversity of generated images. Implement a new Multi-Scale Consistency Score (MSCS) to measure the coherence of generated images across different resolutions.

Step 6: Baseline Comparisons

Train and evaluate StyleGAN-XL without ARP as the primary baseline. Include other state-of-the-art GAN models (e.g., BigGAN, VQGAN) for comprehensive comparisons.

Step 7: Ablation Studies

Conduct ablation studies to analyze the impact of each component in ARP (resolution-aware projection, category-specific adaptation, multi-scale consistency loss).

Step 8: Qualitative Analysis

Generate a diverse set of images across different categories and resolutions. Visualize attention maps from the resolution-aware projection module to understand its behavior.

Step 9: Performance Optimization

Implement mixed-precision training and model parallelism to handle the large-scale nature of ImageNet training efficiently.

Step 10: Results Analysis and Reporting

Compile quantitative results, qualitative examples, and ablation study findings into a comprehensive report or paper draft.

Test Case Examples

Baseline Input (StyleGAN-XL without ARP)

Generate a 512x512 image of a golden retriever

Baseline Expected Output

A 512x512 image of a golden retriever, potentially with inconsistencies in fine details or overall structure

Proposed Method Input (StyleGAN-XL with ARP)

Generate a 512x512 image of a golden retriever

Proposed Method Expected Output

A 512x512 image of a golden retriever with improved fine details, more consistent overall structure, and better adherence to breed-specific features

Explanation

The ARP method is expected to produce images with better multi-scale consistency and category-specific details. The resolution-aware projection should result in more coherent features across different scales, while the category-specific adaptation should enhance breed-specific characteristics.

Fallback Plan

If the proposed ARP method does not significantly outperform the baseline StyleGAN-XL, we can pivot the project towards an in-depth analysis of multi-scale feature generation in GANs. This could involve: (1) Analyzing the attention patterns in the resolution-aware projection module to understand how it handles different scales. (2) Investigating the category-specific adaptation layer to see how it affects different object classes. (3) Conducting a thorough study of the multi-scale consistency across various resolutions and categories. These analyses could provide valuable insights into the challenges of large-scale image synthesis and inform future research directions. Additionally, we could explore combining ARP with other techniques like self-attention or neural architecture search to further improve performance.


References

  1. EditGAN: High-Precision Semantic Image Editing (2021)
  2. Alias-Free Generative Adversarial Networks (2021)
  3. Third Time's the Charm? Image and Video Editing with StyleGAN3 (2022)
  4. Relay Diffusion: Unifying diffusion process across resolutions for image synthesis (2023)
  5. When, Why, and Which Pretrained GANs Are Useful? (2022)
  6. StyleMC: Multi-Channel Based Fast Text-Guided Image Generation and Manipulation (2021)
  7. Scaling up GANs for Text-to-Image Synthesis (2023)
  8. Large Scale GAN Training for High Fidelity Natural Image Synthesis (2018)
  9. Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesis (2021)
  10. Pivotal Tuning for Latent-based Editing of Real Images (2021)